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Controlling blood sugar is a crucial aspect of diabetes management and is essential for preventing diabetic complications.
by len king on Jul 08, 2024
Below are some key points to note when managing blood sugar levels:
I. Dietary Management
- Total Calorie Control: Determine daily calorie intake based on the patient's ideal body weight and physical activity level, ensuring that the total calorie intake does not exceed the recommended limit.
- Low-Sugar, Low-Fat, Low-Salt Diet: Opt for a low-salt, low-fat, and bland diet, avoiding high-sugar, high-calorie, and high-fat foods such as desserts and fried snacks.
- Balanced Macronutrient Ratio: Maintain an appropriate proportion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet, typically accounting for 50%-60%, 25%-35%, and 10%-15% of total calories, respectively.
- Small, Frequent Meals: Avoid consuming large meals at once to reduce the stimulus for insulin secretion.
- Moderate Fruit Intake: Once blood sugar control is achieved, fruits can be consumed between meals, with ongoing monitoring of blood sugar levels.
II. Physical Activity
- Appropriate Exercise Selection: Choose moderate-intensity aerobic exercises suitable for one's condition, such as walking, jogging, and swimming.
- Postprandial Exercise: Engage in exercise one hour after meals to help lower postprandial blood sugar levels.
- Regular Exercise: Aim for at least 150 minutes of exercise per week, which can be divided into shorter sessions like 30 minutes daily for five days.
- Moderate Exercise Intensity: Exercise at a moderate intensity to prevent hypoglycemia or physical discomfort due to overexertion.
III. Medication
- Medication Compliance: Follow the guidance of healthcare professionals to select the appropriate hypoglycemic drugs or insulin treatment plan.
- Regular Medication Administration: Take medications at prescribed times and doses to avoid missing doses or overdosing.
- Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regularly monitor fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels, adjusting the treatment plan based on monitoring results.
IV. Blood Sugar Monitoring
- Regular Monitoring: Use a blood glucose meter to monitor fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels regularly to understand fluctuations.
- Data Recording: Keep a record of each blood sugar measurement to assist doctors in evaluating treatment efficacy and adjusting treatment plans.
V. Diabetes Education
- Health Education Participation: Regularly attend diabetes health education seminars to understand the importance and relevant knowledge of diabetes treatment.
- Self-Management: Strengthen self-management awareness and actively participate in the treatment and management process of diabetes.
VI. Other Precautions
- Smoking Cessation and Alcohol Moderation: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can hinder blood sugar control, so they should be avoided or minimized.
- Maintaining a Positive Mindset: Stay optimistic and avoid emotional fluctuations that may affect blood sugar levels.
- Regular Follow-ups: Schedule regular visits to the hospital for check-ups, including liver and kidney function tests, to evaluate treatment effectiveness and assess for complications.
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